Thimi
Malla period is known as the golden age of the Kathmandu valley for the cultural development witnessed in this period. Among the medieval settlements, a typical Newar town , the least affected by modern lifestyle, Thimi has its own identity. Splendid arts and crafts of Malla period which is existing till today introduce the living culture of Thimi. Practices of erecting temples and statues in the town are not of today but started in 7th century, which is known by found inscription of Lichhavi period in Thimi. This medieval town is also known as Madhyapur, which is used only after 670 Nepal era.
It is said that Thimi used to be called as “ thee” only, which means gem in nepalbhasa. It was called so because this town is located at the middle of three major cities of the valley: Kantipur, Bhaktapur and Lalitpur and beautified and increased the value of valley. As resident of yen (Kathmandu ) is called yami and that of Bhonta (Banepa ) Bhomi, similarly Thimi used to refer residents of “ thee” which later was given the name of the town. In addition, “ Madhyapur “ in sanskrit means the same thing , i.e., a midtown.
Thimi isn't spectacular but the lack of traffic or tourists make it a pleasant stop-off en route to Bhaktapur. The town's main road runs north-south between the old and new (Arniko Hwy)Bhaktapur roads, which form the northern and southern boundaries of the town.
Nil Barahi
On the way to Bhaktapur from Kathmandu lies the old Newar village of Thimi. Most people in Thimi are farmers. Thimi is the fourth big city of Kathmandu valley after Kathmandu, Bhaktapur and Patan. Thimi is very famous for its potteries.
Three kilometers west of Bhaktapur is the large town of Thimi. It is a typical Newar settlement rising up like an island out of a sea of rice fields. From Bhaktapur, don’t take the main highway to get here, but use the smaller alternative road which runs through the Sallighari forest and then up a steep hill.
The first shrine you will come to is dedicated to Bal Kumari, the ‘child princess’. This is the most important of the Valley’s many holy sites dedicated to the Kumari, the tantric mother goddess who takes the form of girl. Kumari’s mount, a gilded peacock, perches atop a pillar in the front of the temple. Notice the dozens of coconuts nailed to the temple. These are a peculiar offering sacred only to her. During Biska Jatra, the Valley wide New Year celebration, the goddess is paraded about in a palanquin as the revelers splash themselves and everyone else with colored powders. If you come for this festival make sure to wear old clothes! In the next square is a Buddhist temple to the bodhisatwa Karunamaya (Avalokiteswyar). It isringed by 108 images of him.
Follow this road and it will eventually join back with the paved road from Bhaktapur. Cross this the larger road and continue to Bode, and the river side shrine of Nil Barahi. Bode, which is located about a twenty minute walk from Thimi’s center, is the location of the tongue-boring festival. A village man of high caste has a thin metal spike thrust through his tongue by the temple’s priest. The penitent then parades around town bearing a bamboo rack of oil lamps. After returning to the temple, the spike is removed and packed with mud scrapped off the temple’s floor. If no blood flows, it is a sign that he has earned great religious merit for himself and the entire town by offering his body to the goddess. If blood flows it is considered inauspicious, and a bad sign for the coming year.The festival is obvered on the second day of the Nepalese New year.
Dubar Square
Bhaktapur Durbar Square has one of the best collections of the finest medieval arts of Nepal. There are many beautiful temples, places and buildings in the Bhaktapur Durbar Square which is rich in architecture. these include The lion Gate, The Golden Gate, The 55 Windows Palace, The Statue of Bhupatindra Malla, The Art Gallery, The Pashupatinath Temple, The Krishna Mandir, The Vatsala temple.
The Golden Gate
The Golden Gate is said to be the most beautiful and richly moulded specimen of its kind in the entire world. The door is surmounted by a figure of the goddess kali and Garuda (the mithical man-bird) and attended by two heavenly nymphs. It is embellished with mythical creatures of marvelous intricacy.
The 55 Windows Palace
The Palave of 55 Windows was built by king Yaksha Malla in 1427 AD. The 55 Windows Palace has a 55 windows and is considered a unique masterpiece of wood carving. The palace was remodeled by king Bhupatindra Malla in the 17th century. It is considered to be a unique masterpiece of woodcarving.
The Statue of King Bhupatindra Malla
The statue of King Bhupatindra Malla is considered the most magnificent statue among the many statues in the squares. The statue is in the act of worship and set on a column facing the palace.
The Art Gallery
The Art Gallery contains ancient paintings belonging to the Hindu and Buddhist traditions of various periods and descriptions. This gallery is open every day except Tuesday.
The Pashupatinath Temple
Pashupatinath Mandir was constructed in the 15th c. during the reign of Yaksha Malla. Until this replica was built in Durbar Square, thus lightening his daily ritual, the King had journeyed every morning to the Pashupatinath Temple in Deopatan. The principal image - a black stone lingam with five faces - is modeled on the one in Pashupatinath itself. The plain triple door frames were installed during restoration following the 1934 earthquake (further renovation in 1968). The more ancient of the roof struts depict Shiva and characters from the Ramayana. There are some erotic scenes.
The Vatshala Temple
The temple in the center of Durbar Square is dedicated to Vatsala, a terrifying female deity to whom, in the pre-Malla era, even human sacrifices were made. Set on a triple-tiered platform the shikhara (5 temple tower in the North Indian style) is surrounded by a colonnade of 14 octagonal columns topped by eight small pavilions. Vatsala, portrayed in the pavilion above the main entrance, is a form of Durga, as is the eight-armed Mahishamardini at the temple door. The temple's principal devotional image is a yantra or magic diagram. Vatsala Shikhara was built in the late 17th c. during the reign of Jagat Prakasha Malla. The king was something of a poet, as was his contemporary Pratapa Malla of Kathmandu, and some of his poems are carved in
stone on the floor of the temple.
Siddhilakshmi Shikhara
Closing the vista on the east side of Durbar Square, and separating it from the open space beyond, is the late 17th c. Siddhilakshmi Bhagwati Temple, another shikhara. The steeply stepped platform once boasted a substantial "guard" of horses, hippopotamuses, lions and camels as well as a pair of human figures dressed in the fashion of the day. A stone relief in front of the shrine depicts the mother deities.
Nagh Pokhari
A door in the north-east corner of the outer court leads through to the bathing basin of the Malla kings, the Nagh Pokhari, constructed at the beginning of the 17th c. by Jagatir Malla. Following the conquest of Bhaktapur, Pratapa Malla carried off the Naga head as a trophy to Kathmandu. Jitamitra Malla restored the basin, re-erecting the wooden posts embellished with the gilded head of the snake god Vasuki. Once surrounded by elegant buildings the courtyard now ekes out a forgotten existence. The water, brought from the mountains via an 11 km (7 mi.) long conduit, flowed from the tap over which the golden Naga maintains its watch.
Fasi Dega Mandir
The white Fasi Dega Mandir can hardly avoid appearing puny, being totally out of proportion to the massive stepped platform on which it was erected following the destruction in 1934. The huge base, with its five tiers and stairway guarded by three differing pairs of animals, conveys some idea of the monumental scale of the original.
Chyasalin Mandap
The Chyasalin Mandap, situated between the Vatsala and Siddhilakshmi Temples, is a fine example of the work of the Bhaktapur Development Project. Destroyed by the 1934 earthquake the octagonal pagoda, originally built in the mid 18th c., was restored to its former splendor in 1990 and is once again one of the most beautiful temples in Durbar Square. Some of the old fabric was salvaged and used in the reconstruction but much new material was needed too. Unobtrusive steel reinforcement now protects the building against future earthquakes. The first floor has resumed its role as a favorite vantage point from which, in the old days, the nobility would watch festivals and ceremonies taking place in the Square.
Bansi Narayan Mandir
Of the group of temples on the west side of the square, dedicated to four major places of Hindu pilgrimage, Bansi Narayan Mandir is the most noteworthy. The two-storied pagoda at the entrance to Durbar Square boasts fine wood-carvings on the doors, windows and roof struts. Most are portrayals of Vishnu in his many incarnations. An inscription refers to the introduction of the Guthi system in 1757 by Ranjit Malla.
Mul Chowk / Kumari Chowk
At one time the vast palace precinct is reputed to have comprised 99 courtyards. Six of these survive, though for security and religious reasons the majority are closed to visitors. From Sundhoka a path winds round Bhairava Chowk to a carved wooden entrance gate, the only access to Mul Chowk. This oldest and most central of the palace courts is dedicated to the goddess Taleju.
With a little persuasion visitors may be allowed to look into the court, catching a glimpse of the main temple, to the left, together with statues of Ganga and Jamuna, even more ornate than their counterparts in Patan. On the far (west) side is a triple temple portal, the central opening giving access not to the devotional images but into Kumari Chowk. Both
Mul Chowk and Kumari Chowk are considered pearls of Nepalese architecture to embellish which was one of the noblest obligations of the king. Viewed from the outside the buildings appear modest, revealing little of the splendors within.
With their decline the abodes of the kings fell into disrepair; but the abodes of gods are preserved for as long as people believe in them. Here the elaborately carved roof struts, the murals and the bronze figures present an almost complete pantheon, serving to glorify the deity of the court and providing a unique setting for rituals and ceremonies.
Catur Varna Mahavihara
The Catur Varna Mahavihara or Tadhunchen Bahal is situated close to Durbar Square and separated from it only by a row of old dharamsalas (now occupied by souvenir shops). This old monastery is one of the few Buddhist monuments in Bhaktapur. First established in the reign of King Raya Malla (1482-1505), the complex of buildings seen today dates from the time of King Jagat Prakasha Malla (1644-73). The Kumari cult was introduced here from Kathmandu by King Ranajita Malla (1722-68).
Durga Mandir
Beyond Bansi Narayan Mandir, the smaller shikhara-style Durga Mandir is interesting for its unusual combination of brick, terracotta, stone and wood. Elaborately carved stone columns embellish each of the temple's four entrances while above the portico rises a shrine-like pavilion.
Durga and Bhairava
Long vanished are the palace wings west of the National Gallery. Of the one-time summerhouse" of the queens only the imposing gatekeepers, Durga and Bhairab, have survived. Carved in 1701 they look no less fearsome today. Durga, brandishing an array of weapons and symbols, needs only one of her eighteen arms to slay the demon. Bhairab has to be content with twelve arms, but her necklace of skulls is every bit as impressive as her companion's. The sculptor is said to have had his hands cut off after completing his work, to prevent his genius serving others.
Taleju Bell
The Taleju Bell, seen next to Bhupatindra Malla's Column, dates from the reign of Jaya Ranajit Malla. He commissioned it in 1737 as a mark of his veneration for the goddess.
Dattatriya Square
The Dattatreya Square is Bhaktapur’s third dazzling gem. The seat of royalty till the 15th century, the area houses still have a great number of historic monuments including many wondrous Maths (residential mansions) and temples.
The Dattatreya Temple
The Dattatreya Temple is the main attraction of the Square. Constructed by King Yaksha Malla, the giant three-storied temple is believed to have been built with the stem of a single tree. Having defied series of calamities, it still bears testimony to the incredible achievement made in those regal days of the Nepalese history.
The Wane Layaku complex
The Wane Layaku complex, which lies to the south-western corner of the Dattatreya temple, is noted for Bhaktapur’s second Taleju shrine. Enclosed with old houses, the courtyard sees throngs of people, especially during the Mohani (Dashain) festival, when a rare Ghau-batacha (Water Clock) is put on public display. During the Malla Era, the water-clock was used by the then rulers and astrologers for fixing "propitious moments" for commencing and concluding various state and social ceremonies.
The Peacock Window
The Peacock Window, which is also called the "Mona Lisa of Nepal", is a rare masterpiece in wood. Dating back to the early 15th century, the unique latticed window has an intricately carved peacock in its center. The window adorns the Pujari Math which, with rows of exquisitely carved windows and doors, is equally appealing. The building presently houses the Woodcarving Museum. The museum has a rich collection of unique pieces in wood.
The Brass and Bronze Museum
The Brass & Bronze Museum, housed in the historic Chikanpha Math, is the next highlight of the Square. It has a wide collection of bronze and brasswares including the ritual jars, utensils, water vessels, pots, spittoons and similar other household items.
Wakupati Narayan Temple
Near the Dattatreya Square is the Wakupati Narayan Temple. Dedicated to Lord Vishnu, the two-storied structure is a unique specimen of pagoda architecture. Next to it is Bhaktapur’s second Pottery Square.
Taumdhi Square
Nyatapola
Since the name of the Tantric goddess remains unknown the temple is called Nyatapola (Five Storied), making it unique in the Kathmandu valley where temples are always named after their deities.
Nyatapola Mandir is the tallest in the valley, rising to a height of 50 m (164 ft) on a five-tiered platform which further enhances its monumental effect. The foot of the stairway is flanked by the so-called Dwara Pallas, two legendary wrestlers Jayamel and Phattu, credited with the strength of ten men. Above them in turn come two elephants, two lions, two griffins and at the top the Tantric goddesses Baghini in the shape of a tiger and Simhini as a lion - a hierarchy of beings each ten times more powerful than the one below. Surpassing all in strength is the Tantric goddess of the temple on whose image only Brahmins can set eyes.
The temple is distinguished not only by its size but also its perfect proportions and ornamental detail. The 20 columns of the veranda appear at once slender yet strong, all being beautifully carved, as are the door frames. Even more breathtaking is the carving on the 108 struts supporting the five roofs. The various forms of the Bhagawati Mahishamardini and other deities are portrayed with great artistry.
Bhairab Temple
Unlike other temples, which are almost always square, the Bhairava Temple in Taumadhi Tole has the typical rectangular plan of a Bhairava or Bhimsen shrine. These are built in the style of a house, as is clearly seen from the Akasha Bhairava Mandir in Kathmandu. The worship room is accordingly not on the ground floor.
The history of the Kasi Biswanath Mandir can be traced back to the 16th c. The original single-story building was enlarged by Bhupatindra Malla in 1717. After the 1934 earthquake it was completely rebuilt in the traditional style incorporating some of the old temple, a third story being added at the same time.
Access to the temple is via a small shrine dedicated to Bhairava's bearer Betal. Every year Betal accompanies the god in the Bisket Jatra Festival and is accorded a brief moment of adoration. Thereafter he remains bound face-downwards to the beams of his temple, being considered an evil spirit who brings ill fortune.
The 56 carved roof struts portray Bhagmati and the mother deities. In contrast to the lower roofs which are tiled, the upper is gilded and crowned by seven magnificent toranas (doors surrounded by figural decoration). Bhairava's image is located on the first floor, from where the god can look out of five gilded windows onto the square. The god's mask also appears at a window between the middle and lower roofs. During the Bisket Jatra Festival Bhairava is borne through the streets in a chariot procession.
Til Mahadev Marayan Mandir
Hidden behind the buildings on the south side of the square stands another important temple, the entrance to which is through an arch on the west side. The two-storied building is dedicated to Vishnu in the guise of Narayan. Vishnu's bearer Garuda kneels on a column in front flanked by the god's attributes, a conch and chakra.
The image is noteworthy, dating from 1170. The name of the temple derives from a legend according to which the image was once buried beneath a pile of sesame seeds (til). No matter how many seeds were sold, the pile never grew any smaller. In honor of this event the statue is rubbed every year with ghee (liquid butter) and showered with sweets made from sesame seeds.
On certain days the temple, which an inscription claims to be 800 years old, is the setting for the Ihi ceremony, when beautifully decked out young girls are "married" to the god. This ceremony protects women from widowhood, Narayan being immortal. A woman wedded to Narayan is in theory entitled to leave her earthly husband and to enter into another marriage should he die.
Pottery Square
Potters' Square lies at the heart of the potters' district, south of the palace precinct. Here the potters ply their craft, some on open verandas, others out on the street. The pots are thrown on wheels and sun dried before being offered for sale.
A pipal tree on the little hill on the north side of the square shades a small shrine to Ganesh.
There are two more temples on the square, one dedicated to Vishnu, the other, with two stories, to Jeth Ganesh. The Jeth Ganesh Temple was built in 1646 by a wealthy potter; its priest is always a potter.
Nava Durga Mandir
Nava Durga Mandir, a squat, two-storied building adjoining an enclosed courtyard, is the principal shrine of the nine Durgas (depicted in the carving of the toranas). Painted masks worn for the Dance of the Goddesses at the Dasain Festival are kept on the first floor. Unlike other masks these are venerated throughout the year, being lavished with animal sacrifices.
Siddha Pokhari
This is a big rectangular water tank located near the main city gate. It was built during the reign of King Yakshya Malla in the early fifteenth century and is associated with a number of different myths. From this spot a wide range of snowy peaks are visible on clear days.
Chandi Bhagvati
The route from Taumadhi Tole to Hanumante Ghat passes the Candi Bhagavati Temple. The small open shrine is of no great age but the site on which it stands has long been in use. There are several interesting 14th c. sculptures including the religious symbol - a relief of Durga (Bhagavati) slaying Candi and Munda - a Uma Maheshvara stele and a dancing Ganesh.
Chupin Ghat
A huge 9th c. figure of Uma Maheshvara testifies to the great age of Chupin Ghat (south of Taumadhi Tole), one of the oldest of Bhaktapur's religious sites. The temple itself dates only from the 19th c. when a flurry of riverside building saw four shivalayas (temple complexes) with numerous sattals (meeting houses) constructed on Mangal Ghat and Chupin Ghat.
Chonga Ganesh
Besides Surya Vinayak two other Ganesh Shrines surround Bhaktapur. One of these Ganesh’s temples is Chonga Ganesh Temple, which is located in the Sallaghari forest, just to the west of town. When women make ‘raksi’, the local home-made liqueur, they come and worship at this temple, offering Ganesh some of the local brew.
Besides the famous Ganesh Temple, there are several other gods and goddess situated in theChonga Ganesh. One of the most important goddess is the goddess Saraswati, which is frequently visited by the students, to wish for their bright future and studies, as Saraswati is the goddess of education and knowledge. Also, the students and local people of Bhaktapur city visit this temple annually on the day ofSaraswati Puja.
Chonga Ganeshis a beautiful place with full of green and thin forest. If you are in Bhaktapur and looking for some peaceful place with beautiful and loving scenario then this is one of them. Youths and other people visit this place frequently and it is also famous as a picnic spot.
Boudha Mahavihar
Bhaktapur�s historic, Viharas and Bahis (Buddhist monasteries and courtyards) have hosted pilgrims and monks from different countries. Besides, they become venues for a great many religious and social ceremonies. These buddhist monasteries and courtyards are described below.
Lokeswor Mahavihar or laska-dyo
It is located at Tapalachhi and has different features than other bahas in Bhaktapur. It has an open space in the front side and has no open spaces on the other sides. This is different than such monuments in Patan and Chobhar and Jana Baha in Kathmandu.
Jet-Varna Mahavihar or Ni Baha
It is located at Tekhacho inside of a courtyard. There is an image of the Buddha carved on top of a stupa, which is known as Kwapa-dyo. There is also an image of Akshyobhya Buddha touching the earth.
Akhandasheel Mahavihar or Akan Baha
It is an ancient vihar located at Nasamana. Built by King Narendra Dev for Red Machhendranath, this vihar consists of an image of Akshyobhya. The original ceramic image was stolen and has een replaced by a stone one.
Lumba-Varna Mahavihar or Lun Baha
It is located at Sukudhwakda. Besides the Buddhist images, there is also an image of Bhimsen, a Hindu God. There are the images of Vajrasattwa and Amitabh Buddha on the walls. Two stone linons along with other stone images guard the main entrance. An inscription dates the temple to at least 1670 AD.
Mangal Dharma Mahavihar or Jahur Baha
It is an ancient vihar located at Bolmadhi. There is a stone tablet inscribed with the date 1707 AD. There is an image of Rakta-Varma Amitabh.
Indra-Varna Mahavihar or Inacho Baha
Built in 1671, this vihar is located at Inacho, on the top of Patinga Hiti. There is an image of Shakyamuni Buddha.
Bhimottar Mahavihar or Muni Vihar
This vihar is located at Inacho. It is famous because of the Badi Monastery. The images contained are those of Dharmapal Mahankal and Ganesh. It is said that the vihar was built with the cooperation of the Tashilhumpo Monastery in Tibet to commemorate Muniji, the follower of Padmadhwoj.
Adipadma Mahavihar or Tom Vihar
It is located at Suryamadhi and was rebuilt in the 1940s after the 1934 earthquake. It has no ancient features. The main icon of the vihar is Kwapa-dyo. It also contains an image of Padmapani Lokeswor on the tympanum.
Bishwo Vihar or Biku Baha
It is located at Kwathandau. Padmapani Lokeswor�s icon is attached on the walls in the form of Kwapo-dyo. It does not have a main entrance gate but one needs to pass trhough a house to enter. It si dated to 1876 AD.
Prasannasheel Mahavihar or Pasu Baha
This vihar is also located at Kwathandau. It has a special place among the vihars. It resembles a typical three story Newar house. There is an icon of the Buddha in the form Bishwosvakaran Mudra inside. And above the main entrance there is a tympanum engraved with the icon of Akshyobhya Buddha. On the right and the left sides of this image, there are two others of Pragyaparamita and Sanghakanta Karunamaya. IT is dated to1914 AD.
Dipankar Vihar or Dipnakar Baha
This Dipankar Vihar is also known as Ajaju-dyo Baha. Of the five Dipankar Buddhas of Bhaktapur, this one is regarded as the oldest. The architectural desing of this vihar is totally different from the others because it is done in the Hindu Agan-chhen style. The images of Dipankar Buddha and Namasangiti Buddha as well as Kumaridhar and Twapaju, resemble those of the Bikramasheel Mahavihar in Kathmandu.
Manju-Vajra Mahavihar or Wonga Baha
It is alos located at Kwathandau. Hidden inside a small courtyard in the vicinity of the Prashannasheel Mahavihar. It contains a stone icon of Maha Manjushree in the form of Kwapa-dyo. On wooden tympanum are carved Vairochan, and Pragyanparmita and Sadkshari Lokswor.
Yangal-Varna Mahavihar or Yen Baha
This vihar is no longer in use. It is also located at Kwathandau. Today nothing remains except for a chaitya and a few inscriptions. Currently, a Tibetan Paramata Gumba is located here. An icon of Shakyamuni Buddha can be seen inside the Gumba.
Chaturvarna Mahavihar orTa-dhi Chhen
It is located in Layaku i.e. Durbar Square and is the most outstanding vihar in Bhaktapur. The main Kwapa-dyo of the vihar is the icon of Padmapani Lokeswor. There are two images of stone lions that guard the entrance. on the top of tympanum is anicon of Sahasgrabhuja Lokeswor. Inside the courtyard are two chaityas and a Dharma Dhatu Mandala. The temple is dated to 1478 AD.
Jet-Varna Mahavihar or Teknacho Baha
This is guarded by a set of stone lions. The icon of Sariputra Mauda Kalyan along with Shakyamuni Buddha is engraved on the tympanum. An image of Buddha is installed in the form of Kwapa-dyo.
Jaya Kirti Mahavihar or Thathu Baha
Located next to the Na-Pukhu pond, it is one of the most outstanding vihars of the Kathmandu Valley. The courtyard of the vihar is two storied with a verandah. There is a clay iconof the Buddha in the fom of Kwapa-dyo. There are also other icons of Lokeswor Buddha. There is a large chaitya in the middle of the courtyard, which has stone inscriptions dated to 1727 AD and 1731 AD.
Sukra-Varna Mahavihar or Kuthu Baha
Located just behind the Minibus Park, this vihar is important from an architectural point of view. The Kwapa-dyo here is a stone icon of Shakymuni Buddha. There is a chaitya inside of the courtyard. The vihar has an inscription which tells of its construction during the reign of King Ranajit Malla in 1748 AD.
Sukra-Varna Mahavihar or Kwachukhusi Baha
It is located near Hanuman Ghat. The phallic and Shiva temples along with Buddha chaityas and icons are spread throughout the courtyard. One is a two meter tall image of Lord Buddha. This image represents the Akshyobhya. While the icon is placed on a elephant back, it also bears a Vajra. The Kwapa-dyo is a 30 cm long Akshyobhya icon. There are stone inscriptions dated to 1915 AD and 1710 AD.
Tom Baha
Located at Kamal Vinayak, this is Bhaktapur�s oldest vihar. Here there is a very large chaitya, along with many icons displaying gestures which date them to the Malla period. Besides them, an image to Padmapani is located here.
Hanumante Ghat
Hanumante Ghat (ghat, ceremonial embankment) was created during the reign of Jagat Prakasha Malla (1644-73). Being the setting for a variety of important religious ceremonies and rites, a vast assortment of monuments, chaityas, statues, lingams and reliefs have been erected. They include numerous images of Hanuman the monkey god, who is said to have rested here on his way south from the Himalayas. The Hanumante has been renovated in five places, the pithas replaced and six bridges built.
Suryavinayak Temple
Situated in a beautiful surrounding at the southern Bhaktapur, the temple of Ganesh is placed in a Sylvan setting to catch the first rays of the rising sun. It is a good picnic spot flanked by many attractive landscapes. Lots of devotee's visit this temple spicially on tuesday.
Kamalvinayak
Besides Surya Vinayak two other Ganesh Shrines surround Bhaktapur. One of these Ganesh’s temples is Kamal Binayak, which is located just to the northeast of town, along the Nagarkot road at Kamal Pokhari. This temple of Ganesh, is mostly visited by the local people for the purpose of giving ability to quickly learn and speak their children. Besides, it is also a well known place for its peaceful environment and among youths, couples to spend their idle time. The main attractions of this place is the Ganesh and the pond.
Suberneswor Mahadev
Situated in the few minute walk distance from the Suryavinayak Temple. The god Mahadev(Shiva) is placed id this temple. It is located on very beautiful place at west end of Suryavinayak hill. The beautiful view of Kathmandu valley can be seen from this place.
Changu Narayan
Changu Narayan is the name of the deity enshrined in the Changu Narayan Temple, located near the Changunarayan village in Bhaktapur. The temple is one of the oldest Hindu temples of the valley, and is believed to be constructed in the 3rd century. Changu Narayan is the name of Vishnu, and the Temple is dedicated to him. A stone slab discovered in the vicinity of the temple dates to the 5th century, and is the oldest such stone inscription discovered in Nepal. It is listed as one of the world heritage site by UNESCO.
The Changu Narayan Temple is one of seven structures cited by UNESCO as demonstrating the historic and artistic achievements that make the Bhaktapur a World Heritage Site.
Nagarkot
Nagarkot, located 32 kilometers east of capital city Kathmandu and about 18 Kilometers from historic city Bhaktapur.Nagarkot is located high on the hill (approximately 7500 ft. above sea level) to the north east corner of Bhaktapur, is famous for its panoramic view of mountains, sun rise and sun set. Nagarkot has availability of different types of accommodations of Five star hotels to small cottage lodges.
Its one of the most scenic spots in Bhaktapur district and is renowned for its spectacular sunrise view of the Himalaya when the weather is clear. Visitors often travel to Nagarkot from Kathmandu to spend the night so that they can be there for the breathtaking sunrise. Nagarkot has become famous as one of the best spots to view Mount Everest as well as other snow-topped peaks of the Himalayan range of eastern Nepal. It also offers an excellent view of the Indrawati river valley to the east. With an elevation of 2,195 meters, Nagarkot also offers a panoramic view of the Valley and is described by visitors as a place whose beauty endures year round.
Malla period is known as the golden age of the Kathmandu valley for the cultural development witnessed in this period. Among the medieval settlements, a typical Newar town , the least affected by modern lifestyle, Thimi has its own identity. Splendid arts and crafts of Malla period which is existing till today introduce the living culture of Thimi. Practices of erecting temples and statues in the town are not of today but started in 7th century, which is known by found inscription of Lichhavi period in Thimi. This medieval town is also known as Madhyapur, which is used only after 670 Nepal era.
It is said that Thimi used to be called as “ thee” only, which means gem in nepalbhasa. It was called so because this town is located at the middle of three major cities of the valley: Kantipur, Bhaktapur and Lalitpur and beautified and increased the value of valley. As resident of yen (Kathmandu ) is called yami and that of Bhonta (Banepa ) Bhomi, similarly Thimi used to refer residents of “ thee” which later was given the name of the town. In addition, “ Madhyapur “ in sanskrit means the same thing , i.e., a midtown.
Thimi isn't spectacular but the lack of traffic or tourists make it a pleasant stop-off en route to Bhaktapur. The town's main road runs north-south between the old and new (Arniko Hwy)Bhaktapur roads, which form the northern and southern boundaries of the town.
Nil Barahi
On the way to Bhaktapur from Kathmandu lies the old Newar village of Thimi. Most people in Thimi are farmers. Thimi is the fourth big city of Kathmandu valley after Kathmandu, Bhaktapur and Patan. Thimi is very famous for its potteries.
Three kilometers west of Bhaktapur is the large town of Thimi. It is a typical Newar settlement rising up like an island out of a sea of rice fields. From Bhaktapur, don’t take the main highway to get here, but use the smaller alternative road which runs through the Sallighari forest and then up a steep hill.
The first shrine you will come to is dedicated to Bal Kumari, the ‘child princess’. This is the most important of the Valley’s many holy sites dedicated to the Kumari, the tantric mother goddess who takes the form of girl. Kumari’s mount, a gilded peacock, perches atop a pillar in the front of the temple. Notice the dozens of coconuts nailed to the temple. These are a peculiar offering sacred only to her. During Biska Jatra, the Valley wide New Year celebration, the goddess is paraded about in a palanquin as the revelers splash themselves and everyone else with colored powders. If you come for this festival make sure to wear old clothes! In the next square is a Buddhist temple to the bodhisatwa Karunamaya (Avalokiteswyar). It isringed by 108 images of him.
Follow this road and it will eventually join back with the paved road from Bhaktapur. Cross this the larger road and continue to Bode, and the river side shrine of Nil Barahi. Bode, which is located about a twenty minute walk from Thimi’s center, is the location of the tongue-boring festival. A village man of high caste has a thin metal spike thrust through his tongue by the temple’s priest. The penitent then parades around town bearing a bamboo rack of oil lamps. After returning to the temple, the spike is removed and packed with mud scrapped off the temple’s floor. If no blood flows, it is a sign that he has earned great religious merit for himself and the entire town by offering his body to the goddess. If blood flows it is considered inauspicious, and a bad sign for the coming year.The festival is obvered on the second day of the Nepalese New year.
Dubar Square
Bhaktapur Durbar Square has one of the best collections of the finest medieval arts of Nepal. There are many beautiful temples, places and buildings in the Bhaktapur Durbar Square which is rich in architecture. these include The lion Gate, The Golden Gate, The 55 Windows Palace, The Statue of Bhupatindra Malla, The Art Gallery, The Pashupatinath Temple, The Krishna Mandir, The Vatsala temple.
The Golden Gate
The Golden Gate is said to be the most beautiful and richly moulded specimen of its kind in the entire world. The door is surmounted by a figure of the goddess kali and Garuda (the mithical man-bird) and attended by two heavenly nymphs. It is embellished with mythical creatures of marvelous intricacy.
The 55 Windows Palace
The Palave of 55 Windows was built by king Yaksha Malla in 1427 AD. The 55 Windows Palace has a 55 windows and is considered a unique masterpiece of wood carving. The palace was remodeled by king Bhupatindra Malla in the 17th century. It is considered to be a unique masterpiece of woodcarving.
The Statue of King Bhupatindra Malla
The statue of King Bhupatindra Malla is considered the most magnificent statue among the many statues in the squares. The statue is in the act of worship and set on a column facing the palace.
The Art Gallery
The Art Gallery contains ancient paintings belonging to the Hindu and Buddhist traditions of various periods and descriptions. This gallery is open every day except Tuesday.
The Pashupatinath Temple
Pashupatinath Mandir was constructed in the 15th c. during the reign of Yaksha Malla. Until this replica was built in Durbar Square, thus lightening his daily ritual, the King had journeyed every morning to the Pashupatinath Temple in Deopatan. The principal image - a black stone lingam with five faces - is modeled on the one in Pashupatinath itself. The plain triple door frames were installed during restoration following the 1934 earthquake (further renovation in 1968). The more ancient of the roof struts depict Shiva and characters from the Ramayana. There are some erotic scenes.
The Vatshala Temple
The temple in the center of Durbar Square is dedicated to Vatsala, a terrifying female deity to whom, in the pre-Malla era, even human sacrifices were made. Set on a triple-tiered platform the shikhara (5 temple tower in the North Indian style) is surrounded by a colonnade of 14 octagonal columns topped by eight small pavilions. Vatsala, portrayed in the pavilion above the main entrance, is a form of Durga, as is the eight-armed Mahishamardini at the temple door. The temple's principal devotional image is a yantra or magic diagram. Vatsala Shikhara was built in the late 17th c. during the reign of Jagat Prakasha Malla. The king was something of a poet, as was his contemporary Pratapa Malla of Kathmandu, and some of his poems are carved in
stone on the floor of the temple.
Siddhilakshmi Shikhara
Closing the vista on the east side of Durbar Square, and separating it from the open space beyond, is the late 17th c. Siddhilakshmi Bhagwati Temple, another shikhara. The steeply stepped platform once boasted a substantial "guard" of horses, hippopotamuses, lions and camels as well as a pair of human figures dressed in the fashion of the day. A stone relief in front of the shrine depicts the mother deities.
Nagh Pokhari
A door in the north-east corner of the outer court leads through to the bathing basin of the Malla kings, the Nagh Pokhari, constructed at the beginning of the 17th c. by Jagatir Malla. Following the conquest of Bhaktapur, Pratapa Malla carried off the Naga head as a trophy to Kathmandu. Jitamitra Malla restored the basin, re-erecting the wooden posts embellished with the gilded head of the snake god Vasuki. Once surrounded by elegant buildings the courtyard now ekes out a forgotten existence. The water, brought from the mountains via an 11 km (7 mi.) long conduit, flowed from the tap over which the golden Naga maintains its watch.
Fasi Dega Mandir
The white Fasi Dega Mandir can hardly avoid appearing puny, being totally out of proportion to the massive stepped platform on which it was erected following the destruction in 1934. The huge base, with its five tiers and stairway guarded by three differing pairs of animals, conveys some idea of the monumental scale of the original.
Chyasalin Mandap
The Chyasalin Mandap, situated between the Vatsala and Siddhilakshmi Temples, is a fine example of the work of the Bhaktapur Development Project. Destroyed by the 1934 earthquake the octagonal pagoda, originally built in the mid 18th c., was restored to its former splendor in 1990 and is once again one of the most beautiful temples in Durbar Square. Some of the old fabric was salvaged and used in the reconstruction but much new material was needed too. Unobtrusive steel reinforcement now protects the building against future earthquakes. The first floor has resumed its role as a favorite vantage point from which, in the old days, the nobility would watch festivals and ceremonies taking place in the Square.
Bansi Narayan Mandir
Of the group of temples on the west side of the square, dedicated to four major places of Hindu pilgrimage, Bansi Narayan Mandir is the most noteworthy. The two-storied pagoda at the entrance to Durbar Square boasts fine wood-carvings on the doors, windows and roof struts. Most are portrayals of Vishnu in his many incarnations. An inscription refers to the introduction of the Guthi system in 1757 by Ranjit Malla.
Mul Chowk / Kumari Chowk
At one time the vast palace precinct is reputed to have comprised 99 courtyards. Six of these survive, though for security and religious reasons the majority are closed to visitors. From Sundhoka a path winds round Bhairava Chowk to a carved wooden entrance gate, the only access to Mul Chowk. This oldest and most central of the palace courts is dedicated to the goddess Taleju.
With a little persuasion visitors may be allowed to look into the court, catching a glimpse of the main temple, to the left, together with statues of Ganga and Jamuna, even more ornate than their counterparts in Patan. On the far (west) side is a triple temple portal, the central opening giving access not to the devotional images but into Kumari Chowk. Both
Mul Chowk and Kumari Chowk are considered pearls of Nepalese architecture to embellish which was one of the noblest obligations of the king. Viewed from the outside the buildings appear modest, revealing little of the splendors within.
With their decline the abodes of the kings fell into disrepair; but the abodes of gods are preserved for as long as people believe in them. Here the elaborately carved roof struts, the murals and the bronze figures present an almost complete pantheon, serving to glorify the deity of the court and providing a unique setting for rituals and ceremonies.
Catur Varna Mahavihara
The Catur Varna Mahavihara or Tadhunchen Bahal is situated close to Durbar Square and separated from it only by a row of old dharamsalas (now occupied by souvenir shops). This old monastery is one of the few Buddhist monuments in Bhaktapur. First established in the reign of King Raya Malla (1482-1505), the complex of buildings seen today dates from the time of King Jagat Prakasha Malla (1644-73). The Kumari cult was introduced here from Kathmandu by King Ranajita Malla (1722-68).
Durga Mandir
Beyond Bansi Narayan Mandir, the smaller shikhara-style Durga Mandir is interesting for its unusual combination of brick, terracotta, stone and wood. Elaborately carved stone columns embellish each of the temple's four entrances while above the portico rises a shrine-like pavilion.
Durga and Bhairava
Long vanished are the palace wings west of the National Gallery. Of the one-time summerhouse" of the queens only the imposing gatekeepers, Durga and Bhairab, have survived. Carved in 1701 they look no less fearsome today. Durga, brandishing an array of weapons and symbols, needs only one of her eighteen arms to slay the demon. Bhairab has to be content with twelve arms, but her necklace of skulls is every bit as impressive as her companion's. The sculptor is said to have had his hands cut off after completing his work, to prevent his genius serving others.
Taleju Bell
The Taleju Bell, seen next to Bhupatindra Malla's Column, dates from the reign of Jaya Ranajit Malla. He commissioned it in 1737 as a mark of his veneration for the goddess.
Dattatriya Square
The Dattatreya Square is Bhaktapur’s third dazzling gem. The seat of royalty till the 15th century, the area houses still have a great number of historic monuments including many wondrous Maths (residential mansions) and temples.
The Dattatreya Temple
The Dattatreya Temple is the main attraction of the Square. Constructed by King Yaksha Malla, the giant three-storied temple is believed to have been built with the stem of a single tree. Having defied series of calamities, it still bears testimony to the incredible achievement made in those regal days of the Nepalese history.
The Wane Layaku complex
The Wane Layaku complex, which lies to the south-western corner of the Dattatreya temple, is noted for Bhaktapur’s second Taleju shrine. Enclosed with old houses, the courtyard sees throngs of people, especially during the Mohani (Dashain) festival, when a rare Ghau-batacha (Water Clock) is put on public display. During the Malla Era, the water-clock was used by the then rulers and astrologers for fixing "propitious moments" for commencing and concluding various state and social ceremonies.
The Peacock Window
The Peacock Window, which is also called the "Mona Lisa of Nepal", is a rare masterpiece in wood. Dating back to the early 15th century, the unique latticed window has an intricately carved peacock in its center. The window adorns the Pujari Math which, with rows of exquisitely carved windows and doors, is equally appealing. The building presently houses the Woodcarving Museum. The museum has a rich collection of unique pieces in wood.
The Brass and Bronze Museum
The Brass & Bronze Museum, housed in the historic Chikanpha Math, is the next highlight of the Square. It has a wide collection of bronze and brasswares including the ritual jars, utensils, water vessels, pots, spittoons and similar other household items.
Wakupati Narayan Temple
Near the Dattatreya Square is the Wakupati Narayan Temple. Dedicated to Lord Vishnu, the two-storied structure is a unique specimen of pagoda architecture. Next to it is Bhaktapur’s second Pottery Square.
Taumdhi Square
Nyatapola
Since the name of the Tantric goddess remains unknown the temple is called Nyatapola (Five Storied), making it unique in the Kathmandu valley where temples are always named after their deities.
Nyatapola Mandir is the tallest in the valley, rising to a height of 50 m (164 ft) on a five-tiered platform which further enhances its monumental effect. The foot of the stairway is flanked by the so-called Dwara Pallas, two legendary wrestlers Jayamel and Phattu, credited with the strength of ten men. Above them in turn come two elephants, two lions, two griffins and at the top the Tantric goddesses Baghini in the shape of a tiger and Simhini as a lion - a hierarchy of beings each ten times more powerful than the one below. Surpassing all in strength is the Tantric goddess of the temple on whose image only Brahmins can set eyes.
The temple is distinguished not only by its size but also its perfect proportions and ornamental detail. The 20 columns of the veranda appear at once slender yet strong, all being beautifully carved, as are the door frames. Even more breathtaking is the carving on the 108 struts supporting the five roofs. The various forms of the Bhagawati Mahishamardini and other deities are portrayed with great artistry.
Bhairab Temple
Unlike other temples, which are almost always square, the Bhairava Temple in Taumadhi Tole has the typical rectangular plan of a Bhairava or Bhimsen shrine. These are built in the style of a house, as is clearly seen from the Akasha Bhairava Mandir in Kathmandu. The worship room is accordingly not on the ground floor.
The history of the Kasi Biswanath Mandir can be traced back to the 16th c. The original single-story building was enlarged by Bhupatindra Malla in 1717. After the 1934 earthquake it was completely rebuilt in the traditional style incorporating some of the old temple, a third story being added at the same time.
Access to the temple is via a small shrine dedicated to Bhairava's bearer Betal. Every year Betal accompanies the god in the Bisket Jatra Festival and is accorded a brief moment of adoration. Thereafter he remains bound face-downwards to the beams of his temple, being considered an evil spirit who brings ill fortune.
The 56 carved roof struts portray Bhagmati and the mother deities. In contrast to the lower roofs which are tiled, the upper is gilded and crowned by seven magnificent toranas (doors surrounded by figural decoration). Bhairava's image is located on the first floor, from where the god can look out of five gilded windows onto the square. The god's mask also appears at a window between the middle and lower roofs. During the Bisket Jatra Festival Bhairava is borne through the streets in a chariot procession.
Til Mahadev Marayan Mandir
Hidden behind the buildings on the south side of the square stands another important temple, the entrance to which is through an arch on the west side. The two-storied building is dedicated to Vishnu in the guise of Narayan. Vishnu's bearer Garuda kneels on a column in front flanked by the god's attributes, a conch and chakra.
The image is noteworthy, dating from 1170. The name of the temple derives from a legend according to which the image was once buried beneath a pile of sesame seeds (til). No matter how many seeds were sold, the pile never grew any smaller. In honor of this event the statue is rubbed every year with ghee (liquid butter) and showered with sweets made from sesame seeds.
On certain days the temple, which an inscription claims to be 800 years old, is the setting for the Ihi ceremony, when beautifully decked out young girls are "married" to the god. This ceremony protects women from widowhood, Narayan being immortal. A woman wedded to Narayan is in theory entitled to leave her earthly husband and to enter into another marriage should he die.
Pottery Square
Potters' Square lies at the heart of the potters' district, south of the palace precinct. Here the potters ply their craft, some on open verandas, others out on the street. The pots are thrown on wheels and sun dried before being offered for sale.
A pipal tree on the little hill on the north side of the square shades a small shrine to Ganesh.
There are two more temples on the square, one dedicated to Vishnu, the other, with two stories, to Jeth Ganesh. The Jeth Ganesh Temple was built in 1646 by a wealthy potter; its priest is always a potter.
Nava Durga Mandir
Nava Durga Mandir, a squat, two-storied building adjoining an enclosed courtyard, is the principal shrine of the nine Durgas (depicted in the carving of the toranas). Painted masks worn for the Dance of the Goddesses at the Dasain Festival are kept on the first floor. Unlike other masks these are venerated throughout the year, being lavished with animal sacrifices.
Siddha Pokhari
This is a big rectangular water tank located near the main city gate. It was built during the reign of King Yakshya Malla in the early fifteenth century and is associated with a number of different myths. From this spot a wide range of snowy peaks are visible on clear days.
Chandi Bhagvati
The route from Taumadhi Tole to Hanumante Ghat passes the Candi Bhagavati Temple. The small open shrine is of no great age but the site on which it stands has long been in use. There are several interesting 14th c. sculptures including the religious symbol - a relief of Durga (Bhagavati) slaying Candi and Munda - a Uma Maheshvara stele and a dancing Ganesh.
Chupin Ghat
A huge 9th c. figure of Uma Maheshvara testifies to the great age of Chupin Ghat (south of Taumadhi Tole), one of the oldest of Bhaktapur's religious sites. The temple itself dates only from the 19th c. when a flurry of riverside building saw four shivalayas (temple complexes) with numerous sattals (meeting houses) constructed on Mangal Ghat and Chupin Ghat.
Chonga Ganesh
Besides Surya Vinayak two other Ganesh Shrines surround Bhaktapur. One of these Ganesh’s temples is Chonga Ganesh Temple, which is located in the Sallaghari forest, just to the west of town. When women make ‘raksi’, the local home-made liqueur, they come and worship at this temple, offering Ganesh some of the local brew.
Besides the famous Ganesh Temple, there are several other gods and goddess situated in theChonga Ganesh. One of the most important goddess is the goddess Saraswati, which is frequently visited by the students, to wish for their bright future and studies, as Saraswati is the goddess of education and knowledge. Also, the students and local people of Bhaktapur city visit this temple annually on the day ofSaraswati Puja.
Chonga Ganeshis a beautiful place with full of green and thin forest. If you are in Bhaktapur and looking for some peaceful place with beautiful and loving scenario then this is one of them. Youths and other people visit this place frequently and it is also famous as a picnic spot.
Boudha Mahavihar
Bhaktapur�s historic, Viharas and Bahis (Buddhist monasteries and courtyards) have hosted pilgrims and monks from different countries. Besides, they become venues for a great many religious and social ceremonies. These buddhist monasteries and courtyards are described below.
Lokeswor Mahavihar or laska-dyo
It is located at Tapalachhi and has different features than other bahas in Bhaktapur. It has an open space in the front side and has no open spaces on the other sides. This is different than such monuments in Patan and Chobhar and Jana Baha in Kathmandu.
Jet-Varna Mahavihar or Ni Baha
It is located at Tekhacho inside of a courtyard. There is an image of the Buddha carved on top of a stupa, which is known as Kwapa-dyo. There is also an image of Akshyobhya Buddha touching the earth.
Akhandasheel Mahavihar or Akan Baha
It is an ancient vihar located at Nasamana. Built by King Narendra Dev for Red Machhendranath, this vihar consists of an image of Akshyobhya. The original ceramic image was stolen and has een replaced by a stone one.
Lumba-Varna Mahavihar or Lun Baha
It is located at Sukudhwakda. Besides the Buddhist images, there is also an image of Bhimsen, a Hindu God. There are the images of Vajrasattwa and Amitabh Buddha on the walls. Two stone linons along with other stone images guard the main entrance. An inscription dates the temple to at least 1670 AD.
Mangal Dharma Mahavihar or Jahur Baha
It is an ancient vihar located at Bolmadhi. There is a stone tablet inscribed with the date 1707 AD. There is an image of Rakta-Varma Amitabh.
Indra-Varna Mahavihar or Inacho Baha
Built in 1671, this vihar is located at Inacho, on the top of Patinga Hiti. There is an image of Shakyamuni Buddha.
Bhimottar Mahavihar or Muni Vihar
This vihar is located at Inacho. It is famous because of the Badi Monastery. The images contained are those of Dharmapal Mahankal and Ganesh. It is said that the vihar was built with the cooperation of the Tashilhumpo Monastery in Tibet to commemorate Muniji, the follower of Padmadhwoj.
Adipadma Mahavihar or Tom Vihar
It is located at Suryamadhi and was rebuilt in the 1940s after the 1934 earthquake. It has no ancient features. The main icon of the vihar is Kwapa-dyo. It also contains an image of Padmapani Lokeswor on the tympanum.
Bishwo Vihar or Biku Baha
It is located at Kwathandau. Padmapani Lokeswor�s icon is attached on the walls in the form of Kwapo-dyo. It does not have a main entrance gate but one needs to pass trhough a house to enter. It si dated to 1876 AD.
Prasannasheel Mahavihar or Pasu Baha
This vihar is also located at Kwathandau. It has a special place among the vihars. It resembles a typical three story Newar house. There is an icon of the Buddha in the form Bishwosvakaran Mudra inside. And above the main entrance there is a tympanum engraved with the icon of Akshyobhya Buddha. On the right and the left sides of this image, there are two others of Pragyaparamita and Sanghakanta Karunamaya. IT is dated to1914 AD.
Dipankar Vihar or Dipnakar Baha
This Dipankar Vihar is also known as Ajaju-dyo Baha. Of the five Dipankar Buddhas of Bhaktapur, this one is regarded as the oldest. The architectural desing of this vihar is totally different from the others because it is done in the Hindu Agan-chhen style. The images of Dipankar Buddha and Namasangiti Buddha as well as Kumaridhar and Twapaju, resemble those of the Bikramasheel Mahavihar in Kathmandu.
Manju-Vajra Mahavihar or Wonga Baha
It is alos located at Kwathandau. Hidden inside a small courtyard in the vicinity of the Prashannasheel Mahavihar. It contains a stone icon of Maha Manjushree in the form of Kwapa-dyo. On wooden tympanum are carved Vairochan, and Pragyanparmita and Sadkshari Lokswor.
Yangal-Varna Mahavihar or Yen Baha
This vihar is no longer in use. It is also located at Kwathandau. Today nothing remains except for a chaitya and a few inscriptions. Currently, a Tibetan Paramata Gumba is located here. An icon of Shakyamuni Buddha can be seen inside the Gumba.
Chaturvarna Mahavihar orTa-dhi Chhen
It is located in Layaku i.e. Durbar Square and is the most outstanding vihar in Bhaktapur. The main Kwapa-dyo of the vihar is the icon of Padmapani Lokeswor. There are two images of stone lions that guard the entrance. on the top of tympanum is anicon of Sahasgrabhuja Lokeswor. Inside the courtyard are two chaityas and a Dharma Dhatu Mandala. The temple is dated to 1478 AD.
Jet-Varna Mahavihar or Teknacho Baha
This is guarded by a set of stone lions. The icon of Sariputra Mauda Kalyan along with Shakyamuni Buddha is engraved on the tympanum. An image of Buddha is installed in the form of Kwapa-dyo.
Jaya Kirti Mahavihar or Thathu Baha
Located next to the Na-Pukhu pond, it is one of the most outstanding vihars of the Kathmandu Valley. The courtyard of the vihar is two storied with a verandah. There is a clay iconof the Buddha in the fom of Kwapa-dyo. There are also other icons of Lokeswor Buddha. There is a large chaitya in the middle of the courtyard, which has stone inscriptions dated to 1727 AD and 1731 AD.
Sukra-Varna Mahavihar or Kuthu Baha
Located just behind the Minibus Park, this vihar is important from an architectural point of view. The Kwapa-dyo here is a stone icon of Shakymuni Buddha. There is a chaitya inside of the courtyard. The vihar has an inscription which tells of its construction during the reign of King Ranajit Malla in 1748 AD.
Sukra-Varna Mahavihar or Kwachukhusi Baha
It is located near Hanuman Ghat. The phallic and Shiva temples along with Buddha chaityas and icons are spread throughout the courtyard. One is a two meter tall image of Lord Buddha. This image represents the Akshyobhya. While the icon is placed on a elephant back, it also bears a Vajra. The Kwapa-dyo is a 30 cm long Akshyobhya icon. There are stone inscriptions dated to 1915 AD and 1710 AD.
Tom Baha
Located at Kamal Vinayak, this is Bhaktapur�s oldest vihar. Here there is a very large chaitya, along with many icons displaying gestures which date them to the Malla period. Besides them, an image to Padmapani is located here.
Hanumante Ghat
Hanumante Ghat (ghat, ceremonial embankment) was created during the reign of Jagat Prakasha Malla (1644-73). Being the setting for a variety of important religious ceremonies and rites, a vast assortment of monuments, chaityas, statues, lingams and reliefs have been erected. They include numerous images of Hanuman the monkey god, who is said to have rested here on his way south from the Himalayas. The Hanumante has been renovated in five places, the pithas replaced and six bridges built.
Suryavinayak Temple
Situated in a beautiful surrounding at the southern Bhaktapur, the temple of Ganesh is placed in a Sylvan setting to catch the first rays of the rising sun. It is a good picnic spot flanked by many attractive landscapes. Lots of devotee's visit this temple spicially on tuesday.
Kamalvinayak
Besides Surya Vinayak two other Ganesh Shrines surround Bhaktapur. One of these Ganesh’s temples is Kamal Binayak, which is located just to the northeast of town, along the Nagarkot road at Kamal Pokhari. This temple of Ganesh, is mostly visited by the local people for the purpose of giving ability to quickly learn and speak their children. Besides, it is also a well known place for its peaceful environment and among youths, couples to spend their idle time. The main attractions of this place is the Ganesh and the pond.
Suberneswor Mahadev
Situated in the few minute walk distance from the Suryavinayak Temple. The god Mahadev(Shiva) is placed id this temple. It is located on very beautiful place at west end of Suryavinayak hill. The beautiful view of Kathmandu valley can be seen from this place.
Changu Narayan
Changu Narayan is the name of the deity enshrined in the Changu Narayan Temple, located near the Changunarayan village in Bhaktapur. The temple is one of the oldest Hindu temples of the valley, and is believed to be constructed in the 3rd century. Changu Narayan is the name of Vishnu, and the Temple is dedicated to him. A stone slab discovered in the vicinity of the temple dates to the 5th century, and is the oldest such stone inscription discovered in Nepal. It is listed as one of the world heritage site by UNESCO.
The Changu Narayan Temple is one of seven structures cited by UNESCO as demonstrating the historic and artistic achievements that make the Bhaktapur a World Heritage Site.
Nagarkot
Nagarkot, located 32 kilometers east of capital city Kathmandu and about 18 Kilometers from historic city Bhaktapur.Nagarkot is located high on the hill (approximately 7500 ft. above sea level) to the north east corner of Bhaktapur, is famous for its panoramic view of mountains, sun rise and sun set. Nagarkot has availability of different types of accommodations of Five star hotels to small cottage lodges.
Its one of the most scenic spots in Bhaktapur district and is renowned for its spectacular sunrise view of the Himalaya when the weather is clear. Visitors often travel to Nagarkot from Kathmandu to spend the night so that they can be there for the breathtaking sunrise. Nagarkot has become famous as one of the best spots to view Mount Everest as well as other snow-topped peaks of the Himalayan range of eastern Nepal. It also offers an excellent view of the Indrawati river valley to the east. With an elevation of 2,195 meters, Nagarkot also offers a panoramic view of the Valley and is described by visitors as a place whose beauty endures year round.
